The part of the NMR system that actually produce the NMR phenomenon and acquire the signals, including the magnet, the probe, the RF circuitry, the gradient coils, etc. The spectrometer is controlled via the interface.

Edward Purcell and Felix Bloch discovered the basic of spectroscopy in 1946 (see MRI History). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR Spectroscopy or MRS) is an analytical tool, based on nuclei that have a spin (nuclei with an odd number of neutrons and/or protons) like 1H, 13C, 17O, 19F, 31P etc.
Through nuclear magnetic principles as precession, chemical shift, spin spin coupling etc., the analysis of the content, purity, and molecular structure of a sample is possible. The spectrum produced by this process contains a number of peaks; the highs and the positions of these peaks allow the exact analysis. Unknown compounds can be matched against spectral libraries. Even very complex organic compounds as enzymes and proteins can be determined. For the wide uses of NMR spectroscopy (from mineralogy to medicine) there is a variety of different techniques available.
See Spectroscopic Imaging Techniques.

NMR spectral lines may consist of groups of lines called multiplets. This multiplet structure is caused by interactions between nuclei that split the NMR energy levels and result in the observation of multiple allowed transitions separated by an amount of energy related to J, the spin spin coupling constant. These interactions are called spin spin coupling.

(2D FT) A form of sequential plane imaging using Fourier transformation imaging. In 2D FT, a line of data corresponds to the digitized NMR signal at a particular phase encoding level. The Fourier transformation process reconstructs the detected frequency and phase encoded image information (which are rotated 90° from each other) into a usable image.

Form of NMR spectroscopy in which an additional dimension is added to the conventional chemical shift dimension by allowing varying amounts of different interactions between spin systems (such as Nuclear Overhauser Effect, spin spin coupling or exchange).