(BTFE) A gradient echo pulse sequence with a balanced gradient waveform and data acquisition after an initial preparation pulse for contrast enhancement.

See Steady State Free Precession (SSFP) and Balanced Sequence.

Phenomenological (classical) equations of motion for the macroscopic magnetization vector. They include the effects of precession about the magnetic field (static and RF) and the T1 and T2 relaxation times.

(CBASS) A gradient echo sequence with balanced waveform.

See Steady State Free Precession and Balanced Sequence.

(CISS) This gradient echo sequence is a stimulated T2 echo. Two TrueFISP sequences are acquired with differing RF pulses and than combined for strong T2 Weighted high resolution 3D images.
These TrueFISP sequences are normally affected by dark phase dispersion bands, which are caused by patient induced local field inhomogeneities and made prominent by the relatively long TR used. The different excitation pulse regimes offset these bands in the 2 sequences. Combining the images results in a picture free of banding. The image combination is performed automatically after data collection, adding some time to the reconstruction process. The advantage of the 3D CISS sequence is its combination of high signal levels and extremely high spatial resolution.
Used for, e.g. inner ear, cranial nerves and cerebellum.

See also Steady State Free Precession.

(DE FGR) A gradient echo sequence using a pulse, which sensitizes the sequence to variations in T2, rather than waiting for T1 relaxation.
See Driven Equilibrium, Gradient Recalled Echo Sequence and Steady State Free Precession.