Ni
troxide radicals (or ni
troxyl
spin labels) are stable organic compounds with theoretical potential for use as a paramagnetic
MRI contrast agent. Similar to
gadolinium they have an unpaired elec
tron, a property that provides enhancement in T1 based
MRI, and a comparable pharmacokinetic.
Depending on their s
tructure and chemical bonding, different ni
troxides formula may have the potential for use as
cardiovascular imaging agents, to enhance the
MR imaging on
joints (e.g., dendrimer-linked ni
troxides have a s
trong affinity for cartilage), to evaluate
brain tumors and infarction, and as a
contrast enhancement agent of body/abdominal
NMR imaging.
Ni
troxides are rapidly enzymatically reduced in tissues to products that do not enhance the
NMR signal, which can be a problem for
MR imaging. In animal experiments with EPRI (
electron paramagnetic resonance imaging), tissue redox studies show differences between tumors and normal tissues, which reflect their respective redox status consistent with the reduction/clearance of ni
troxides.