(DE prep) See Driven Equilibrium.

When the received signal is not digitized.

Different stages of the drug development and approval process in the USA, lead from preclinical trials (testing in animals), first application in humans through limited and broad clinical tests, to postmarketing studies.

By Dale E. Wierenga, Ph.D. and C. Robert Eaton
Office of Research and Development
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association

'In reviewing this report, it is important to keep in mind the realities of the drug discovery and development process. The U.S. system of new drug approvals is perhaps the most rigorous in the world. On average, it costs a company $359 million to get one new medicine from the laboratory to the pharmacist's shelf, according to a February 1993 report by the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment.'

See also Phase 1 2 3 4 Drug Trials, Food and Drug Administration, and European Medicines Agency.

The diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-chelate contains five acetate moieties linked by a molecular backbone, which bind a metallic ion complex. This chemical bonding solves the problem of toxicity of, e.g. Gadolinium, because DTPA complexes are very stable.
DTPA is used together with technetium-99m as a nuclear imaging radiopharmaceutical and with gadolinium as a MR contrast medium. DTPA chelates undergo renal glomerular filtration and can be used to quantify it. DTPA is also used as a decontamination agent in individuals who have ingested radioactive materials.

(DEFAISE) Simultaneously acquired T2 and density weighted echoes in a FSE sequence.

See Fast Spin Echo.